A roller bearing wheel uses cylindrical rollers instead of balls between the axle and hub, spreading load over a larger contact area. That generally means higher capacity than a ball bearing wheel of the same size.
The larger contact area of cylindrical rollers handles heavier radial loads than ball bearings, making roller bearings a common upgrade for high-capacity industrial casters.
Heavy industrial loads where a ball bearing wheel would be pushed near or past its rating.
Assuming roller bearing is always the “upgrade.” It’s better suited to straight radial load; tapered roller bearings handle combined radial and side loads better in some mounting configurations.
Roller bearing vs. ball bearing — what's the real difference?
Roller bearings spread load over a larger contact area and generally handle more weight; ball bearings roll a bit easier under lighter loads.
Do roller bearings need more maintenance?
Not significantly more than ball bearings under normal use, though very heavy-cycle environments benefit from periodic inspection either way.