Measuring a caster correctly means capturing mount type and dimensions (plate size and bolt pattern, or stem type and diameter), wheel diameter and width, and overall height — in that order, since mount fitment matters more than any other single spec.
Start with how the caster attaches to your equipment (plate or stem), since that’s the most common source of a bad fit. Then confirm wheel diameter/width for capacity and clearance, and overall height against your equipment’s target height.
Every caster purchase — replacement or new build — since mount fitment is the single most common return reason.
Measuring the old caster instead of the equipment. If the old caster was ever mismatched or damaged, measuring it directly can carry that error forward — measure the equipment’s actual mounting surface or socket when possible.
What should I measure first?
Mount type and dimensions — plate size and bolt pattern, or stem type and diameter — since that determines whether the caster will physically fit at all.
Should I measure the equipment or the old caster?
The equipment's actual mounting surface or socket, when possible — the old caster may itself have been a mismatch.